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The role of the Registered Nurse or Newborn Care Provider is to feed, soothe, bathe, change & provide all other gentle care to baby through the night.

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Why Your Baby Wakes Overnight

Our team gets lots of questions about how to help babies to sleep through the night! Sometimes when babies “should” be old enough to sleep 8 hour stretches, there are 3 main reasons why they don’t. Why Your Baby Wakes Overnight can help infants and parents sleep peacefully.

Why Your Baby Wakes Overnight

1. Why does my baby wake through the night when I know he or she is not hungry?

There are typically 3 reasons for this:

  1. Illness – when baby has an illness or discomfort such as congestion or ear infection; laying horizontally makes fluid in the inner ear or chest settle and makes getting comfortable very difficult for baby.  Baby might also need their nasal passages cleared. Responding to baby quickly, for as long as baby needs is of course recommended.  
  2. Teething – good old teething pain is often the answer to overnight wakefulness. Comforting baby is again the way to go (of course!)
  3. Habit – for healthy babies who have never slept through the night (and we are not saying whether they should or shouldn’t) wakefulness overnight means they are simply repeating their 3-4 hour daytime schedule of being awake for a few hours and then going to sleep for a few hours.  For parents wishing to increase baby’s sleep time in this case, a gentle weaning of overnight feeds and increase in daytime feeds is appropriate.  Here’s what we mean by that.

2. How do I know when to get rid of the swaddle?

When baby is rolling onto her stomach, the swaddle becomes a hazard. When baby is consistently “busting out” in the late 3rd month or month 4, he’s telling you he does not need the swaddle anymore.  To eliminate the swaddle parents can simply go cold turkey or take a gradual step-down approach where we allow one arm out for several nights, then 2 arms and then eventually no swaddle at all.

3. How do I eliminate overnight feeds/the pacifier?

Anytime we are helping baby -and well, anyone really- learn a new way to do things we have two choices: cold turkey or gradual introduction.   Cold turkey certainly cuts to the chase, but the gradual approach can be much more gentle and less jarring for baby.

For feeding this means that we can eliminate milk/formula altogether between certain hours or we can gradually wean the amount taken in during these hours. For nursing moms, gradual weaning is essential…it’s more gentle for baby and also gives mom’s body time to adjust. When it comes to the pacifier we can “cold turkey” it or gradually remove the pacifier after less and less time per pacifier “session”.  For sleep training, it’s typically recommended to remover pacifier when baby stops sucking for a few moments, repeating this removal over and over until the pacifier is eventually not needed.    

Whether baby room shares, sleeps in a crib, uses a pacifier or does any number of sleep behaviors, there are a LOT of right answers to what works to make a happy and peaceful family. 

Why Your Baby Wakes Overnight
Why Your Baby Wakes Overnight

Repaying Sleep Debt as a New Parent

updated, Aug 1, 2023 – Sleep debt is defined as the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get. Parents of newborns realize that sleep deprivation is something that comes with the territory but every time you miss out on sleep, you add to the debt. Over time this debt builds up and can lead to both mental and physical health issues.  This blog, Repaying Sleep Debt as a New Parent tells how you can get back your health and wellness.

Repaying Sleep Debt as a New Parent

Repaying Sleep Debt as a New Parent

Research shows that a combination of naps and overnight recovery sleep can be effective in counteracting some negative effects of sleep deprivation. However, one or two nights of substantial sleep aren’t enough to fully pay off a long-term sleep debt. What does this mean for parents of single babies and twins?

A 2010 study conducted by acclaimed British sleep scientist Iftikhar Mirza found that during a child’s first 2 years of life, new parents miss out on an astonishing total of 6 months worth of sleep! Sleep deprivation can lead to poor eating habits, mood swings, arguments, adversely affect your performance at work and can make getting behind the wheel very dangerous

How to Minimize Your Sleep Debt

While there are no perfect foolproof solutions, here are some practical ways for new parents to minimize their sleep debt:

  1. Switch nighttime duties with a partner or caregiver. If possible, alternate nights or times of night between one partner sleeping and the other is “on call.” If nursing, mom can breastfeed and partner can do the diaper changes and soothing. Other options are for Mom to pump during the day and having partner give baby a bottle or supplement with formula overnight. Work with your lactation consultant or pediatrician to figure out what is best for you.
  2. Get regular exercise. Exercise releases endorphins, increases healthy energy levels and lowers the risk of mood swings. Even if you are too tired, gentle exercise during the day, such as walking or yoga, can increase sleep.
  3. Do not consume too much food or alcohol before bedtime. Eating or drinking too much in the evening can over stimulate the digestive system and interfere with natural sleep rhythms, particularly reducing reduces rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
  4. Ask for help! It is important to rely on family members, friends, babysitters, night nurses, etc. for help. There is nothing wrong with having another person tend to the baby or household tasks while you catch up on much needed rest if it will make you a better, more attentive parent.
newborn sleeping in crib, postpartum mom in bed

Being a new parent is tiring, especially for those in the postpartum phase recovering from childbirth. IT IS OKAY to have dirty dishes and unfolded laundry. New parents, especially breastfeeding mothers, need their energy and while you may feel like you are missing out on “getting things done,” you will actually be catching up on something very important…repaying your sleep debt.

How to Offer a Bottle to A Breastfed Baby

Question: I will be returning back to work soon, and my breastfed baby refuses to take a bottle of breastmilk or formula.  Help! Amy Black, IBCLC answers this common question in how to offer a bottle to a breastfed baby.

How to Offer a Bottle to A Breastfed Baby
photo by Rainier Ridao on Unsplash

How to Offer a Bottle to A Breastfed Baby

When attempting to offer a baby a bottle for the first time, there are a couple things to remember. First, your baby is very smart! Since s/he connects food with mom, sometimes it is best for mom to leave the house. Second, it’s widely advised to introduce a bottle only after breastfeeding is fully established, usually after 4 weeks. This avoids confusion and ensures your supply remains at the level baby needs. La Leche League recommends starting with pumping after one feeding session a day, when you feel like your breasts may still be a little full. As LLL says, Remember you are pumping “leftovers” and should only expect a small amount.

Additionally these tips can help:

  •  Offer the baby a small amount of food when the baby is not too hungry and perhaps a little sleepy. In other words, when baby is in a good mood and more open to change. 🙂
  •  Let someone other than mom feed the baby in a location that is not the normal nursing spot for mom and baby.
  •  Tickle the baby’s lips with the nipple of the bottle to get the baby to open his mouth wide.  Let baby take the lead in drawing the nipple into the mouth.
  •  Hold the baby in an upright position with the bottle at a horizontal position to the mouth.  This will mimic breastfeeding and allow baby to eat at their own pace without overfeeding.
  •  Once the baby starts drifting off and letting go of the nipple, cease feeding.  Follow the baby’s cues and be finished when he or she is done. Don’t force the last bit of milk by jiggling the nipple or waking him up.
  • If the bottle has been in the refrigerator, don’t forget to warm the nipple as well as the milk. You can run the nipple under warm water so it’s not too shocking to your baby.

How Should the Bottle be Given?

Caregivers can practice a method of feeding called paced bottle feeding ensures that your baby receives the right amount of milk. This feeding method slows down the flow of milk into the nipple and the mouth, allowing baby to eat more slowly and take breaks the way s/he would when nursing. Milk is slowed because 2 things are happening:

  1. Your baby is being held upright, the way s/he might be during a nursing session.
  2. Milk should only filling the bottle’s nipple about halfway. This makes sure baby isn’t being overfed. By not overfeeding the baby, mom will be able to keep up with pumping at work and maintaining milk supply. Here’s an excellent video showing paced bottle feeding.

Of course babies are all different and will accept a bottle in their own time. Even with all of these tips the best way to make sure bottle feeding is successful is to be consistent and patient.

Guide to Hiring the Perfect Babysitter


Updated July 26, 2021 If you’ve never hired a babysitter or nanny, it can be hard to know what makes a great candidate, especially if you have a newborn or infant. Here’s our guide to hiring the perfect babysitter!

Guide to Hiring the Perfect Babysitter – Basic Questions to Ask Potential Sitters:

  • Have you had experience babysitting an infant before?
  • How old are the children you have worked with before?
  • If you’re breastfeeding, ask your sitter if they have experience in preparing breastmilk. If you feed by formula, make sure they know how to prepare/heat the formula.
  • Are you familiar with how to put an infant to bed?
  • Do you know First Aid? Are you CPR certified?
  • What types of activities do you do with children?
  • How do you help a fussy baby?
  • Do you have your COVID and flu vaccines or other immunizations recommended by my pediatrician?

Trust Your Gut

When you meet someone for the first time, get a read on them. Do they seem interested in your child? Do they answer your questions with enthusiasm and confidence? Are they distracted by their phone? Parental instinct is very strong and your own instincts are almost always correct.

Check References

We’re SHOCKED at the number of times people don’t check references! Ask for at least two references of non-family members that you can contact by phone; a references’ tone of voice can be as telling as the actual answers. Don’t feel uncomfortable asking questions; you are your child’s advocate and protector.

Are Credentials Important to You?

Many sitters take the Red Cross Babysitter Certification. Is this a requirement for you? How about CPR or First Aide Certification? If these are qualifications you’d like your sitter to have, ask those questions in the interview.

Guide to Hiring the Perfect Babysitter – Now What?

Guide to Hiring the Perfect Babysitter
  • Once you hire the sitter, make sure that you have all of your emergency info in an easily accessible place. You can copy our Emergency Info Sheet here if you need to!
  • If you have a landline, show the sitter where it is.
  • If you don’t use a landline, make sure you have a both iPhone and Android chargers in the house. The babysitter’s phone should be charged at all times.
  • It’s perfectly fine to use a nanny cam while you’re out and it’s your legal right to have a camera anywhere except the bathroom or other places where there is an expectation of privacy (like the bathroom).  Please be considerate to your babysitter and let them know you’re recording. You never know- if baby has an accident or spits up, your sitter might need to do a quick clothing change! 

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Self Care Plan for Moms & Caregivers

As a counselor to new mothers and caregivers, Christina M. Schultz, MA has seen many women experience, “caregiver burnout” or complete fatigue, exhaustion, depression, resentment, loss of identity, and sense of low self-worth.  To help those who may be at risk of burnout, Schultz has created this Self Care Plan for Moms & Caregivers.

Self Care Plan for Moms & Caregivers

I often hear women who devalue their self-worth and chose to take care of others as their first and foremost priority.  I work to encourage women who are mothers and caregivers to place self-care as their top priority to prevent burnout, to provide resilience and empowerment, and because it helps women to maintain appropriate boundaries in the spousal, parenting, and/or caregiving relationships and roles. 

For any women attempting to balance role demands of parenting, work, caregiving, marriage, and relationships with family-of-origin, self-care and boundaries are your key to balanced living.  A whole self-care plan needs to integrate the four aspects of you – which includes physical, emotional, social, and spiritual health. Below are a few key suggestions for any self-care plan.

Self Care Plan for Moms & Caregivers

  1. Build a Support System or Network Outside of Your Spouse, Children, and Parents (Social and Emotional Needs). This is important in order for you to not over rely on the emotional and social needs from your immediate family, and help you to not be over-preoccupied on the needs of your family.  I encourage you to find or create your own peer support group of moms, caregivers, and so forth. 
  2. Ask for and Accept Help. Clarify and Strengthen Relationship and Responsibility Boundaries and Division of Labor of the Household, Parenting, and Financial Admin Duties (Emotional and Physical Needs). This is important for you to reduce your role demands and overload if you have the tendency to do too much.  This is also your chance to assertively communicate your needs and desires with your spouse and negotiate a win-win for you both.  Your spouse should want to find a middleground, and if not, you need to consider how you may be selling your needs short.  If you lack the time and have the financial resources, you and your spouse have the option to hire more help with cleaning, childcare, and financial planning and investing duties.
  3. Assertive Communication of Needs.  Learn how to assertively and appropriately ask for help and the love you need with “I” statements (Social and Emotional Needs).  If you ask for help clearly, assertively, and appropriately, you will be received with respect and people will tend to meet your needs. It is suggested to encourage children as young as toddler-age to help with chores, and to increase their responsibility over time.  It is also suggested to communicate your needs for emotional and sexual intimacy from your spouse, and specific help you need from your spouse since your partner is not a mind-reader.  “I” language assertively communicates your feelings with a specific need.  As one example:  “I feel upset that I make dinner every night each week.  I would appreciate it if you cooked Mondays and Fridays or if we ordered take out those nights.  What do you think about this?”
  4. Make time for yourself to exercise, sleep, and eat several balanced meals each day, and attend your annual health appointments (Physical Needs).
  5. Learn how to say no and prioritize (Emotional and Physical Needs).  If you are someone who tends to err on “doing too much” than you have to learn how to say no and dig further on what you may be avoiding with your business.  Sometimes business has a secondary gain, such as the avoidance of people rejecting our requests for help and/or avoidance of feeling lonely. 
  6. Pray, meditate, and/or read something grounding once a day for a few minutes (Spiritual Needs).  Research has established that people who engage in positive religious and spiritual coping, whether tied to an organized religion or not, tend to be mentally healthier and approach distressing life events with increased resilience.  Whether you find calm and strength from attending Church weekly, praying each day, engaging in mindfulness meditation, or reading a powerful deep quote each day, it is an important way to keep yourself in-touch with your deeper values and meaning, beyond the trivialities of life.
  7. Write down or verbalize three things you are grateful for each day to build more appreciation in your life. (Emotional and Spiritual Needs).  This positive psychology exercise is linked to increased feelings of meaning and satisfaction in the here-and-now, and reduced depression.